@dr.falslail: #onthisday #انيميا #انيميا_الفول #تفول #تكسر_الدم #G6PD #د_فاطمة_ال_صليل #ماما_تيمي #صحة_عامة G6PD deficiency is a genetic disorder characterized by the insufficient activity of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, which plays a crucial role in protecting red blood cells from oxidative damage. This deficiency primarily affects males, but females can also be carriers. In this article, we will discuss what G6PD means, how it is inherited, and the signs and symptoms parents can notice in their infants and toddlers with G6PD deficiency. What is G6PD? Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme found in red blood cells. Its primary function is to protect these cells from oxidative stress by producing a molecule called NADPH, which helps neutralize harmful molecules called reactive oxygen species (ROS). When G6PD activity is reduced, red blood cells become vulnerable to oxidative damage, leading to a condition known as hemolysis. Inheritance of G6PD Deficiency: G6PD deficiency is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner. This means that the gene responsible for producing the G6PD enzyme is located on the X chromosome. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes. If a male inherits a single X chromosome with the G6PD deficiency gene, he will be affected. Females need to inherit two copies of the gene (one from each parent) to exhibit symptoms, but they can also be carriers with only one affected X chromosome. Signs and Symptoms in Newborns and Toddlers: Parents should be vigilant for signs and symptoms of G6PD deficiency in their newborns and toddlers, particularly if there is a family history of the condition. Common signs and symptoms may include: Jaundice: One of the earliest signs is often jaundice, characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes. This occurs due to the breakdown of red blood cells and the release of bilirubin into the bloodstream. Hemolytic Anemia: G6PD-deficient children are at risk of developing hemolytic anemia, a condition where the body breaks down red blood cells faster than it can produce them. This can lead to fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Dark Urine: Parents may notice that their child's urine appears darker than usual due to the increased breakdown of red blood cells. Pallor: Children with G6PD deficiency may appear pale, and their growth and development may be affected if the condition is severe. Infections and Triggers: Symptoms can be triggered by infections, certain medications (e.g., some antibiotics and antimalarials), and certain foods (e.g., fava beans). Parents should be cautious about potential triggers and seek medical advice if necessary. Conclusion: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects red blood cells, leading to hemolytic anemia and other symptoms. Understanding the inheritance pattern and recognizing early signs and symptoms are essential for parents to seek timely medical intervention. With appropriate care and avoidance of triggers, children with G6PD deficiency can lead healthy lives. Parents should consult with healthcare professionals for proper diagnosis, management, and guidance on managing this condition in their newborns and toddlers.

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Friday 01 September 2023 22:08:03 GMT