@drsermedmezherexplains: Neisseria gonorrhoeae Just Wants a Loving Home #donate. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the bacterium responsible for gonorrhea, has evolved several sophisticated mechanisms to evade the immune system, allowing it to persist and cause infection in the reproductive tract, including the uterus. Here’s a detailed description of how Neisseria gonorrhoeae evades the immune system in the uterus: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion by Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antigenic Variation Neisseria gonorrhoeae can alter the proteins on its surface to avoid detection by the immune system. This process, known as antigenic variation, involves changes in the expression of surface structures such as pili (hair-like structures) and outer membrane proteins. By continuously changing these antigens, the bacterium can evade recognition by antibodies and immune cells that have been primed to target specific bacterial proteins. Phase Variation Phase variation is another mechanism where Neisseria gonorrhoeae can turn the expression of certain genes on or off. This includes genes encoding surface proteins like Opa proteins, which play a role in adhesion and invasion of host cells. By varying the expression of these proteins, the bacterium can avoid immune detection and adapt to different environments within the host. Molecular Mimicry Neisseria gonorrhoeae can produce molecules that mimic host cell structures. For instance, the bacterium’s lipooligosaccharides (LOS) can resemble human glycosphingolipids. This molecular mimicry helps the bacteria avoid being recognized as foreign by the host's immune system, thereby reducing the likelihood of an immune response. #sti #teen

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