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On November 8, 1917, in accordance with decree
On November 8, 1917, in accordance with decree "On the establishment of Council of People's Commissars", People's Commissariat for Nationalities was created. Its main tasks were to ensure peaceful coexistence and fraternal cooperation of all nationalities, to promote their material and spiritual development. People's Commissariat for Nationalities was headed by I.V. Stalin. On November 15, 1917, "Declaration of the Rights of Peoples of Russia" was adopted under the signature of the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars Lenin and People's Commissar Stalin, which enshrined basic principles of the national policy of Bolsheviks: equality and sovereignty peoples of Russia, their free development; the right to self-determination, up to and including formation of an independent state; the abolition of national and religious privileges. The work of I.V. Stalin as the head of the department was highly appreciated by V.I. Lenin, who in 1922 at the XI Congress of the RCP(b) said: "...we need to have a person to whom any representative of the nations could approach and explain in detail what the matter is. Where can we find him? I think that even Preobrazhensky could not name another candidate except Comrade Stalin...". On September 22, 1921, I.V. Stalin headed the commission of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, dealing with the distribution of lands between the Cossacks and Chechens. On October 18, a decree was issued on the creation of the Crimean ASSR within Soviet Russia, prepared by I.V. Stalin. On November 25, V.I. Lenin approved Stalin's draft resolution on the formation of the Transcaucasian Federation. On January 9, 1922, I.V. Stalin drafted a decree on the formation of the Karachay-Cherkess Region. In August 1922, at the suggestion of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP(b), a commission was created to prepare the issue of relations between the RSFSR and other national Soviet republics, with I.V. Stalin appointed as its chairman. He developed a project for "autonomization", according to which Ukraine, Belarus, Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan would become part of the RSFSR as autonomous republics. On October 6, 1922, the Plenum adopted Lenin's amendments, which contained a provision that each republic included in the Union had the right to leave it, and appointed I.V. Stalin to head the commission for preparing the founding congress for the formation of the USSR. In the 1930s and 1940s, with the direct participation of I.V. Stalin, national-state construction was continued. From the mixed Turkic-speaking tribes, the Turkmens, Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and Karakalpaks were singled out. The Moldavians and Karelo-Finns acquired their national republics. The statehood of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia was restored. Their western lands were returned to Belarus and Ukraine. During this period, national schools, theaters and museums were opened. Thanks to the work of scientists, a number of peoples received their own written language. Newspapers, magazines and books were published in national languages. Stalin's practical activity in the matter of state-national construction and interethnic relations was inseparable from his theoretical works on this problem. It is enough to name such of his works as "Marxism and the National Question", "On Path to Nationalism", "Towards the Formulation of the National Question", "The National Question and Leninism", etc. In 1944-1945, the Soviet Army, led by I.V. Stalin, liberated the peoples of Eastern Europe from fascist captivity, restored the statehood of Poland, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Albania, Yugoslavia and Romania. In 1952, I.V. Stalin proposed to unite the German people in one state. To do this, it was proposed to end the occupation of Germany, consolidate its neutrality, ensure complete freedom for all democratic parties. #fyp

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