@minea720: #Brain #ctbrain Brain Ischemic Infarction . Brain ischemic infarction, commonly referred to as an ischemic stroke, occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is blocked, leading to tissue damage due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients. This blockage is usually caused by a clot or narrowing of the blood vessels. Causes of Brain Ischemic Infarction The main causes include: 1. Thrombosis – A blood clot (thrombus) forms inside a blood vessel in the brain, usually due to atherosclerosis (narrowing of arteries from plaque buildup). 2. Embolism – A clot or debris from another part of the body (e.g., heart, carotid artery) travels to the brain and blocks a vessel. This is common in atrial fibrillation or heart disease. 3. Hypoperfusion – Critically low blood flow due to cardiac arrest, severe hypotension, or shock, leading to watershed infarcts in vulnerable brain areas. 4. Vasospasm – Severe narrowing of brain arteries, often due to subarachnoid hemorrhage or drug use (e.g., cocaine). 5. Blood disorders – Conditions like sickle cell disease, thrombophilia, or hypercoagulability increase clot formation. 6. Arterial dissection – A tear in the inner layer of an artery (e.g., carotid or vertebral artery dissection) can lead to clot formation and infarction. Risk Factors • Hypertension (high blood pressure) • Diabetes mellitus • Smoking • High cholesterol • Obesity • Sedentary lifestyle • Heart disease (atrial fibrillation, valvular disease) • Excessive alcohol consumption • Genetic predisposition

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Wednesday 02 April 2025 01:01:54 GMT