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Mirley Rojano Gomez
Mirley Rojano Gomez
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Wednesday 30 April 2025 20:47:02 GMT
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ESAN UNDER THE BENIN EMPIRE: WHAT THE NAME ESAN REALLY MEANS Recently, there has been a lot of misinterpretation of a statement made by His Royal Majesty, the Oba of Benin, about Esan people. Let us set the record straight with history, not emotions. THE HISTORICAL TIES ARE UNDENIABLE The early inhabitants of Esan were largely migrants from Benin during the first and second periods of the Benin Empire. Many of the ruling dynasties in Esan trace their origin to Benin princes and royal emissaries who established the Esan kingdoms under the authority of the Oba. The Enojie of Esan kingdoms were princes and representatives of the Benin monarchy. Upon appointment, they traveled to Benin City, were formally installed by the Omo N'Oba N'Edo, and some were invested with the sacred Ada and Eben, the Sceptre of Authority. As vassal rulers, they owed allegiance to the Oba and paid tribute through Benin chiefs. Proof of continuity: • In 1895, Erhumwusee (Eromosele) was installed as Ogirrua of Irrua by Oba Ovonramwen, with the title Oka-Ijesan and the Ada. • In 1917, he was warmly received by Oba Eweka II. • In 1941, Isidahomhen, his successor, was sent to Benin City to study Benin Native Administration under Oba Akenzua II. • The Okaigun of Igueben was also invested with the Ada by Oba Akenzua II. • Igueben itself was founded by Benin warrior Eben and soldiers returning from the Benin-Idah War of 1515-1516.  So yes, Esan and Benin are blood and throne. That is not in dispute. NOW, THE REAL QUESTION: WHAT DOES
ESAN UNDER THE BENIN EMPIRE: WHAT THE NAME ESAN REALLY MEANS Recently, there has been a lot of misinterpretation of a statement made by His Royal Majesty, the Oba of Benin, about Esan people. Let us set the record straight with history, not emotions. THE HISTORICAL TIES ARE UNDENIABLE The early inhabitants of Esan were largely migrants from Benin during the first and second periods of the Benin Empire. Many of the ruling dynasties in Esan trace their origin to Benin princes and royal emissaries who established the Esan kingdoms under the authority of the Oba. The Enojie of Esan kingdoms were princes and representatives of the Benin monarchy. Upon appointment, they traveled to Benin City, were formally installed by the Omo N'Oba N'Edo, and some were invested with the sacred Ada and Eben, the Sceptre of Authority. As vassal rulers, they owed allegiance to the Oba and paid tribute through Benin chiefs. Proof of continuity: • In 1895, Erhumwusee (Eromosele) was installed as Ogirrua of Irrua by Oba Ovonramwen, with the title Oka-Ijesan and the Ada. • In 1917, he was warmly received by Oba Eweka II. • In 1941, Isidahomhen, his successor, was sent to Benin City to study Benin Native Administration under Oba Akenzua II. • The Okaigun of Igueben was also invested with the Ada by Oba Akenzua II. • Igueben itself was founded by Benin warrior Eben and soldiers returning from the Benin-Idah War of 1515-1516. So yes, Esan and Benin are blood and throne. That is not in dispute. NOW, THE REAL QUESTION: WHAT DOES "ESAN" TRULY MEAN? This is where people get it wrong. According to Dr. Christopher G. Okojie in his 1960 book Ishan Native Laws and Customs: "The name ESAN came from the Benin word ESAN meaning JUMP or FLEE... When the King's messengers asked where the people had gone, they were told 'Esan fua' meaning 'they have fled away'." In Bini language, "San" = to jump, to escape. "E san fia" = They have jumped away. This refers to 1460, when Oba Ewuare the Great made strict mourning laws after the death of his sons. No sex, no bathing, no drumming, dancing, or cooking. Many Bini chiefs and families found the laws too harsh and left for the forest. That exodus became Esanland. BUT THAT IS THE BINI TRANSLATION, NOT THE FULL ESAN HISTORY. Many Esan historians have proven that the term Esan existed before the Oba Ewuare dynasty. There were aboriginal peoples in Esanland before the Benin princes arrived. The princes came to rule over existing communities like Uruwa (Irrua), Uronmun (Uromi), Ekunma (Ekpoma), Ubiaza (Ubiaja). In Esan language itself, Esan does NOT mean to flee. It is simply who we are. So what is the truth? Linguistically in Edo: Esan = to jump / to flee. Historically as an identity: Esan = a resilient people who chose freedom over oppression. It is not an insult. It is a badge of courage. We are children of Benin, but we are not refugees. We are ESAN. What do you think? Should we keep teaching our children that Esan means "those who fled" or should we reclaim it as "those who chose freedom"? Drop your thoughts in the comments. Share to educate one Esan son or daughter. References: HRH Williams O. Momodu II, HRH Ehizogie E. I, Jacob U. Egharevba, Dr. C.G. Okojie 1960. #EsanHistory #BeninEmpire #EdoCulture #Ishan #Irrua

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