@matiullahdawlatzai: Smear morphology refers to the microscopic appearance of cells or particles (usually in blood, bone marrow, or body fluids) when a sample is spread (smeared) on a glass slide, stained, and then examined under a microscope. Here’s a short summary by type: ⸻ 🩸 1. Peripheral Blood Smear Morphology Used to study red cells, white cells, and platelets. a. Red Blood Cells (RBCs): • Normal: Uniform, round, biconcave discs with central pallor. • Abnormal shapes (poikilocytosis): • Sickle cells – in sickle cell anemia • Spherocytes – in hereditary spherocytosis or hemolytic anemia • Target cells – in thalassemia or liver disease • Schistocytes – in DIC, microangiopathic anemia • Abnormal sizes (anisocytosis): • Microcytes – iron deficiency anemia • Macrocytes – megaloblastic anemia • Color changes: • Hypochromia – pale cells (iron deficiency) • Polychromasia – bluish tint (reticulocytes) b. White Blood Cells (WBCs): • Check number and type (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils) • Look for immature or abnormal cells → leukemia or infection c. Platelets: • Normal: Small, purple granules scattered among RBCs • Abnormal: Giant platelets (increased turnover), clumping, or decreased numbers (thrombocytopenia) ⸻ 🧫 2. Bone Marrow or Other Smears Used to assess cellularity, blasts, maturation, and abnormal infiltrates. ⸻ 💧 3. Other Body Fluid Smears (e.g., sputum, urine, CSF) Used to detect infectious organisms, malignant cells, or inflammatory patterns. ⸻ Would you like me to explain blood smear morphology only (with examples of diseases), or also urine/sputum smears?

Matiullah Dawlatzai

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Saturday 08 November 2025 17:18:04 GMT