@dr.garthdavis_01: Nutrition literature is There are so many articles out there and many seem to have very differing conclusions. The problem in most randomized control trials is the control group. If the control group has a horrible standard American diet, then almost any change will look superior. So if you take someone eating junk and give them red meat instead of junk, the study may conclude eating red meat is beneficial. The Harvard group did an excellent Iook at heart disease markers and randomized controlled trials and looked specifically at what the food exchange was in these trials. They found that if red meat is replaced by plants there is a clear benefit, but if it was processed carbs then there was no change or slight benefit to red meat.