@aymansaber112: #ConSantanderConecto Cardiology: Pressure Overload VS Volume Overload -Pressure Overload (Increased Afterload): The ventricle must generate higher tension to overcome resistance and eject blood. To normalize the increased systolic wall stress, the heart adds sarcomeres in parallel, leading to wall thickening. Appearance: The ventricular walls become significantly thicker, while the chamber size (radius) often remains normal or becomes smaller initially. ​Physiology: The thickened wall reduces wall stress (the denominator in Laplace's law increases). ​Risk: While contractility is preserved initially, the stiff, thick muscle leads to Diastolic Dysfunction (impaired filling). -Volume Overload (Increased Preload): The ventricle is filled with an excess amount of blood during diastole. To accommodate this increased volume, the heart adds sarcomeres in series, leading to chamber dilation. -Appearance: The ventricular chamber dilates (enlarges) to accommodate the extra blood. The wall thickness may increase slightly or remain relatively proportional, but the dominant feature is dilation. -​Physiology: Dilation allows a larger stroke volume (Frank-Starling mechanism) to compensate for regurgitant flow or shunts. ​Risk: Over time, the sarcomeres stretch beyond their optimal length, leading to Systolic Dysfunction (pump failure). . . . . #طب #كلية_الطب #cardiology #medicalstudent❤️💉💊

Ayman Saber

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Saturday 14 February 2026 18:47:22 GMT