@gethelpwithproctoredexam: Antiretroviral drugs are essential medications that treat HIV by disrupting specific stages of the viral life cycle to prevent replication and reduce viral load. The process begins with Entry and Fusion Inhibitors, such as Maraviroc and Enfuvirtide, which block the virus from attaching to or entering host CD4+ T cells. Once the virus is inside, Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) like Zidovudine act as faulty building blocks to terminate DNA chain formation, while Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) like Efavirenz directly disable the reverse transcriptase enzyme. To stop the viral DNA from merging with the host's genetic material, Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs), such as Dolutegravir, block the integration step. Finally, Protease Inhibitors (PIs) like Ritonavir inhibit the cleavage of viral polyproteins, resulting in the production of immature, non-infectious virions. Using these classes together in Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) ensures comprehensive viral suppression, manages adverse effects like lipodystrophy or anemia, and significantly decreases the risk of transmission. #infectioncontrol #medstudent #medicine #nursingschool #nursingnotes

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Friday 27 March 2026 01:38:22 GMT