@ancestralwhispersdotorg: Facial reconstruction of a Yamnaya man from Bykovo, Volgograd region Unlike most Yamnaya individuals, who typically carried R1b-Z2103, this individual belonged to the R1b-M269 lineage, upstream to both Z2103 and L51. He was buried with Repin-type ceramics, possibly indicating a connection to, or intrusion from, Repin cultural groups (Merpert, 1974), (Khokhlov et al., 2024). Cranially, he (Bykovo II, 12/7) fits well within the broader Yamnaya morphological spectrum, described as robust and hypermorphic, and classified as Protoeuropoid (Glazkova & Chtetsov, 1960). His cranial measurements - length 204 mm, width 145 mm, and bizygomatic breadth 145 mm - are very large. (Khokhlov, 2017) Other individuals with R1b-M269 have also been identified in the Volga–Ural Yamnaya context - Lopatino I (1/1), and Krasikovsky I (1/1) - with the latter sites likewise yielding large, robust Protoeuropoid cranial types (Khokhlov, 2017), (Khokhlov et al., 2024). #yamnaya

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Sunday 29 March 2026 11:33:33 GMT