@j3leg4e: Lezgin mythology is a complex of mythological beliefs characteristic of the Lezgins, one of the indigenous peoples of Dagestan. Despite the fact that today the Lezgins are Muslims, some elements of pre-Islamic beliefs and legends continue to be preserved at the level of holidays and traditions. The formation of Lezgin mythology was significantly influenced by contacts with the pagan beliefs of other peoples (Sumerians, Akkadians, Egyptians, Greeks, and so on), as well as by the gradual development of monotheism in the Caucasus (Christianity, Islam, and Zoroastrianism). In Lezgin beliefs, the Earth and the Sky rested on the horns of a giant Red Bull (Yaru Yats, the god of the earth Gen), which in turn stood on the Great Water. The universe itself, accordingly, consisted of three parts in the form of vertically arranged spheres: the Celestial World, the Earthly World, and the Underworld, the foundation of which was the Great Water. At the same time, there was also a dualistic division of the universe into the light side (Ekyu dene) and the dark side (Mich’i dene). The former included the Celestial and Earthly Worlds, while the Underworld embodied the dark side of existence. The Celestial World was inhabited by deities, heroes, and good spirits and was divided into seven smaller spheres: the seventh (upper) sphere — the dwelling of the supreme god Ragh. the sixth sphere — the dwelling of the god Alpan. the fifth sphere — the dwelling of other gods (Yar, Gudul, and others). the fourth sphere — the dwelling of heroes (Sharvili, Kas-Buba, Khib, and others). the third sphere — the dwelling of good spirits and the sisters of the god Eren. the second sphere — the dwelling of righteous souls. the first sphere — the dwelling of birds. The Earthly World was the world of people, animals, and plants. It was located in the center of the Universe. An important place in the Earthly World among the Lezgins was occupied by the cult of mountains. The following mountains were considered sacred: Gaf suv, from the summit of which Alpan addressed people and sent them a code of laws; Ba-sar, in whose cave the Creator God disappeared after the creation of the universe; Barmak, on which the Creator God left his hat sewn from seven thousand sheep skins; G’utsar suv (Mountain of the gods), created by the god Eren, which his daughters visited every year, announcing the resurrection of the goddess Yar (the coming of spring). It was assumed that G’utsar suv was the sacred center around which ancient Lezgin statehood arose. It was believed that the souls of the ancestors of the Lezgins lived on the peaks of sacred mountains. The Underworld, like the Celestial World, also consisted of seven smaller spheres, but was divided into two parts: The Realm of the Dead. According to Lezgin beliefs, death occurred as a result of the separation of the soul from the body. This process was controlled by the god of death Ardav, who took the essence of the body of the deceased into his realm. Numerous objects (metal and ceramic items, tools, jewelry, and so on), buried together with the dead, testify to the belief that these items would enter the Realm of the Dead together with the deceased and make his afterlife easier. Strabo mentioned this fact, saying that the inhabitants of Caucasian Albania bury all their property together with the deceased, while they themselves live in poverty. The Realm of Evil Forces. The most remote part from the surface of the Underworld. Here, in the last, seventh sphere, live evil gods and demons, ruled by the chthonic god Sed (Afat). It was believed that when the Great Water gave birth to the solar god Ragh, impure water splashed out behind his chariot, in which there were dark gods and spirits. Some of them managed to escape, hiding in underground caves. Later, they rose to the surface in the form of snakes in order to secretly carry out their dark deeds. #lezgi #History #alpan #mythology #art

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Monday 27 April 2026 23:15:01 GMT