Cod liver oil is the oil from cod liver, and it’s basically a concentrated hit of 3 things: vitamin A, vitamin D, and omega-3s EPA/DHA. Here’s what that actually does for you: Bone & immune support Vitamin D + A work together for calcium absorption and bone density. Low D is common, so cod liver oil was used for rickets before supplements existed. The D and omega-3s also help regulate immune response - less useful if you’re already sufficient, but helpful if you’re deficient. Brain & eye health DHA is a major structural fat in your brain and retina. The omega-3s in cod liver oil help maintain cell membranes and reduce neuroinflammation. It’s not a magic focus pill, but low DHA status is linked to worse cognitive and eye health. Heart & inflammation EPA/DHA lower triglycerides, reduce inflammatory markers like CRP, and support blood vessel function. The effect is modest - think “small nudge in the right direction,” not a replacement for meds. Joint health Because of the anti-inflammatory effect, some people with rheumatoid arthritis notice less joint stiffness and lower NSAID use. The data is decent for RA, weak for osteoarthritis. The catch: Dose matters: It’s fat-soluble, so you can overdo vitamin A and D. More than 3000 mcg RAE vitamin A/day long term can cause liver issues. Most 1 tsp doses are ∼900-1200 mcg A and 400-600 IU D, which is safe for most adults. Taste: Old-school stuff tastes like, well, fishy liver. Fermented and flavored versions are easier now. Quality: Look for third-party tested for oxidation and heavy metals. Rancid oil = no benefit. Who it helps most: People with low sun exposure, low fish intake, or confirmed D/A deficiency. If you already take a D3 supplement and eat fatty fish 2x/week, the added benefit is small. Want me to compare cod liver oil vs regular fish oil so you can see which makes sense for you? #cod #codlatinoamerica - @drjunaidpainclinic