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![Say Nothing <3 . . . The Revolt of Babak Khorramdin (Persian: شورش بابک خرمدين, romanized: Shuresh Bābak Khorramdin ; Arabic: ثَوْرَةُ بَابَكْ الخُرَّمِيِّ, romanized: Thawrat Bābak al-Khurramī) was a series of uprisings by Babak Khorramdin, who led the Khurramite movement from 816 to 837, after Javidhan. It was one of the largest Persian uprisings against the Abbasid Caliphate and occurred during the reigns of Al-Ma'mun and Al-Mu'tasim, lasting for 20 years. The uprising was eventually suppressed and the Abbasids captured Babak. . . . The Khurramites under Babak's leadership, proclaimed the division and the redistribution of the great estates and the end to the despotic foreign rule. Taking advantage of the turmoil created by the Abbasid Civil War, they began making attacks on Muslim forces in 816 in Iran and Iraq. Babak's rise to the leadership of the Khurramites began when Javidhan ibn Sahl enlisted the help of a young man of illegitimate birth named Babak, appointing him to manage his local estate. The leader of the other Khurramite movement was a certain Abu Imran, who often clashed with Javidhans forces. During one of the clashes, Abu Imran was defeated and killed, whilst Javidhan was mortally wounded, dying three days later. Javidhan was succeeded by Babak, who had already converted to Khurramism under the latters service.[10] when Babak's master died, he seized control of the Khurramite movement, claiming that Javidhan's spirit had passed to him. It was in 201/816-17 that Babak became the new leader of the Khurramites.[11] The Khurramites opposed Muslims, particularly Arabs.[12] Babak's revolt was based in Badhdh, a city located in the mountainous region south of Araxes river, situated between Ardabil and Ahar.[13] The Khurramites seized control of Azerbaijan and other regions, seeking to restore the faith to Mazdakism. From his mountain fortress capital al-Badhdh (located south of the Aras river in modern Qarāja-dāḡ), Babak sent his forces westward to Armenia, eastward to Khorasan. Northern Azerbaijan was the epicenter of this prolonged rebellion.[3][14] The Abbasids during the reign of al-Ma'mun and al-Mu'tasim launched a series of campaigns against Babak's rebellion across the mountainous areas of Azerbaijan. These highland areas had remained largely independent from Muslim control until the Abbasid army made a plan to reassert control over the mountain inhabitants.[15] . . . Caliph al-Mu'tasim dispatched Abu Sa'id Muhammad ibn yusuf to rebuild the forts demolished by Babak between Zanjan and Ardabil. The Khurramites, led by a certain Mu'awiya, made a failed attack on the Arabs.[22] Meanwhile, Muhammad ibn al-Ba'ith, the ruler of Shahi fortress and the citadel of Tabriz in Azerbaijan, was initially allied with Babak, providing a full support and supplies for Babak's troops. However, when an Abbasid army approached in 220/835, he defected to the Abbasids and pledged allegiance to Caliph al-Mu'tasim, using the opportunity to consolidate his control over Marand. . . . After the destruction of Babak's stronghold in 837, he retreated westward with a few of his companions and looked for sanctuary with the Armenian noble Sahl Smbatean. Babak requested that his brother be sheltered apart by another Armenian noble, trying to ensure safety. However, the plan was unsuccessful.[24] Though Babak formed a temporary alliance with Armenian nobles, these relationships were often fragile and self-interested. Eventually, Sahl handed Babak and his brother over to the Abbasids. By surrendering him to the caliphal forces, Sahl aimed to regain favour at the Abbasid leadership.[26] . . . All For Educational Purposes <3 . . . No hate <3 . . . I Love Flowers.](/video/cover/7651323271580798228.webp)
