@luvchloe2x: Tutorial Pinned 💕 #coach #coachbag #handbag #discount

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Sunday 28 June 2026 15:55:21 GMT
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what's your favorite method of horizontal gene transfer? video sources: Helix Animation Bacteriophages in Action, 3DforScience - Global Scientific Communications Bacteriophages infect bacteria - 3D video, biologyexams4u Bacteriophage Life Cycle Animation Brives C, Froissart R, Perez-Sepulveda B, Le Marrec C. Thinking Phage Innovations Through Evolution and Ecology. Phage (New Rochelle). 2024 Mar 18;5(1):5-13. doi: 10.1089/phage.2023.0047.
what's your favorite method of horizontal gene transfer? video sources: Helix Animation Bacteriophages in Action, 3DforScience - Global Scientific Communications Bacteriophages infect bacteria - 3D video, biologyexams4u Bacteriophage Life Cycle Animation Brives C, Froissart R, Perez-Sepulveda B, Le Marrec C. Thinking Phage Innovations Through Evolution and Ecology. Phage (New Rochelle). 2024 Mar 18;5(1):5-13. doi: 10.1089/phage.2023.0047. "Phages replicates through two main types of biological cycle: lytic and lysogenic. Virulent phages replicate through lytic cycle that involves adsorption of the phage particle onto the bacterium, insertion of its genetic material, and hijacking of the host's cellular machinery to replicate. The bacterial membrane is lysed after replication and new phages are released, leading to potential infection of surrounding susceptible bacteria. The lysogenic cycle involves the adsorption and integration of the temperate phage genetic material into the bacterial genome. The integrated phage genome is then called a “prophage” and replicates along the bacterial chromosome (vertical transmission) instead of immediately lysing the host, and lysogenic bacteria then become “immune” to further infection by the same type of bacteriophages (a phenomenon called “exclusion to superinfection”). Excision of the prophage can be induced by environmental stresses or DNA-damaging chemicals, such as antibiotics, and enter a lytic cycle. Notably, when prophages excise from the bacterial chromosome, they end up appropriating pieces of bacterial DNA, sometimes leading to horizontal transfers of antibiotic-resistant genes (HGT) between bacteria. Temperate phages' propensity for exclusion to superinfection, HGT and for being able to engage a long-term beneficial interaction with their host are some of the arguments for avoiding them in phage therapy." #apbio #phages #bacteriophages #easter #ciencia

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