@socratesinthecity: What is the difference between Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism? What was the great mistake Erwin Schrödinger made nearly 80 years ago? In this episode of Socrates in Oxford, host Eric Metaxas is joined by Denis Noble, the brilliant physiologist and biologist, as he challenges one of the most deeply rooted assumptions in modern science: that everything can ultimately be reduced to its smallest parts. From the rise of reductionism in biology and mathematics to the influential “selfish gene” theory, Noble examines how a particular scientific framework has come to shape our understanding of life itself. Drawing on his own experience debating Richard Dawkins—and even serving on the committee for Dawkins’s PhD thesis—Noble offers a fascinating insider’s perspective on one of the most significant debates in modern evolutionary biology. This conversation asks, what happens when scientists refuse to follow the evidence wherever it may lead, even if that evidence raises questions about God? Noble argues that science is never merely scientific; it is deeply philosophical, shaped by the assumptions we bring to our understanding of reality. At the heart of his argument and this conversation is an invitation for scientific humility: the courage to recognize the limits of what we know and to remain open to where the evidence might ultimately lead.

socratesinthecity
socratesinthecity
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Tuesday 01 September 2026 22:12:45 GMT
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avi4.0
user5339176606906 :
Try Hinduism which is the most scientific religion . It teaches everything that no other can explain
2026-09-05 21:02:34
3
ts808hw
ts808hw :
The selfish gene was the hardest book I’ve ever read. Pokes holes in faith. Very hard read.
2026-09-05 15:18:08
5
niakoo8
Nia Koo :
for some reason some people are naturally good at art, without formal training > that has to be a genes pass on from ancestors
2026-09-05 17:23:08
0
lornad18
Lornad The Magnificent :
He said absolutely nothing
2026-09-02 07:06:42
50
hublo12376
hublo :
Nit picky but if he actually knows what hes talking about DNA doesnt make proteins RNA does. DNA is the master set of instructions, RNA is more of the enforcer that produces stuff
2026-09-03 00:06:37
8
tommy.wise
Tommy Wise :
I’m exhausted after less than 30 seconds of this. TLDR
2026-09-05 22:34:05
2
atoms.and.sky
Atoms and Sky :
His point — which goes unstated — is that epigenetics (responses to outside stimuli) affect how proteins activate DNA, and therefore biology. We’re not ONLY the result of DNA activations separate from the environment.
2026-09-05 23:25:45
3
agentninety9
Belinda Smith :
This is absolutely correct- it’s not a false claim and all, which is why materialisms is falling apart at it’s seems
2026-09-03 16:33:29
6
michaelerixs
Michael Eric :
perhaps it was the editing. but bro said a whole lot and a whole lot of nothing at the same time.
2026-09-05 17:05:55
2
outlavvz
rebeL :
sounds like science is a crapshoot. The same science that just took the fifth…
2026-09-02 11:08:31
12
marka4961
MarkAllen :
Philosophy expands minds, does it help solve the existential questions of existence? No it never will. AI now is expanding its mind by exponentially learning everything we know from our simple nuances through to our most intelligent minds yet even then our existence will never be solved.
2026-09-05 11:56:01
2
davidbrumsipiano
David vencedor :
WHY DONT YOU ASK DAWKINS ABOUT HOW THAT FIRST CELL REPLICATED ITSELF, STILL HIS ANSWER IS WITH THE GREAT SCIENTIFIC MANTRA, WE DONT KNOW THAT TODAY, BUT IN THE FUTURE WE WILL. SINCE THE 70S IM WAITING. AND HAVE THAT BOOK. FULL STOP.
2026-09-02 13:22:18
0
ishmaelpudding
FatFreddy :
Chaos/systems theory applies to biology. Read sex ecology and spirituality by ken Wilbur. It’s not random mutation and natural selection. It’s much more than that.
2026-09-05 10:32:14
0
focusedman777
FocusedMan777 :
How does it know how to self replicate, that’s the important question. If your claim is that the ultimate cause, the inherent source of this “self replicating” is intrinsically mindless, then that is an extraordinary claim requiring extraordinary evidence. Abiogenesis has no evidence to back it up, either biologically or logically.
2026-09-02 15:13:38
1
atrao
AtRéÔ :
Computational Life: How Well-formed, Self-replicating Programs Emerge from Simple Interaction. (https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.19108)
2026-09-02 14:55:00
0
zzzmelaniezzz
💤 :
is this darwin himself
2026-09-02 15:08:34
6
daxdelorean
Jody :
Need to hear the rest of the discussion…
2026-09-02 20:08:56
3
s.w.a.y_
Sway :
The real problem is that we asked the questions then take ourselves seriously 🤣 aren’t we already here exiting and breathing 🤣 sometimes it seems the supposedly smartest people are the dumbest. Yes we can ask questions from the answers which are already us🤣
2026-09-02 12:37:18
0
skyview120
Skyview :
Disingenuous cut of a clip
2026-09-02 05:11:38
9
tedpie21
tedpie :
I think he’s onto something. This should be good for his future.
2026-09-02 21:45:24
2
opticalillusi0ns
Ğ :
He’s talking about a fractal and how in DNA fractals are able to replicate themselves
2026-09-03 03:35:27
1
user35675437654376
HeWhoShallNotBeUsernamed :
this is such a dishonest way of framing the problem because the quantum scale where randomous occurs is many orders of magnitude smaller. Jon, the macro scale of DNA and cells. fundamentally he is conflating randomness with stochastic. just because you can model a reaction according to a random probability distribution doesn't mean that Newtonian mechanics doesn't apply at that scale
2026-09-03 03:28:29
1
stinadaisy13
Stina K :
This is such a well cut clip for marketing - applauding you social team!
2026-09-02 04:54:56
4
baroqueobamaa
baroqueobamaa :
Rosalind Franklin
2026-09-02 02:05:42
1
kant7791
K :
I’ll never understand the desire to dismiss intellectual inquiry. If we are a miracle, divine or natural, and we have the capability to ask almost any question, shouldn’t we celebrate questions that might lead us away from ignorance and violence? Some questions are indeed wicked, others misguided within a certain frame of reference, but we are thinking, feeling beings. We are here for a short while. Nothing can be as important as our lives and what we choose to do with them. If Earth is one day abolished by an asteroid of sufficient destructive power, the universe will have changed only slightly. This leads us back to inquiry, and the search for and creation of meaning and purpose. I think of biology as a crude science and physics as a celestial one but only insofar as biology seeks to explain the functions of living organisms while physics seeks do explain the basis of reality itself. I have always disliked our instinct to dismiss life as a crude object. It is evidently a miracle. Nobody needs any Gods to know that. We know it within ourselves. Life is a miracle. Yours, and everyone else’s. Biology has taught us perhaps the most important thing about life on Earth, which is that all life is one being. It relates to the material world, which is without life, and it relates among all its branches of creation. For a long, long time, even after evolutionary theory was firmly proven, and even now, we consistently tend towards segregation. Human beings are simply one more branch of life on Earth. What an incredible thing to prove scientifically. I suspect we all knew it in the deep past. Our Gods were animals, plants, the soil, the sky, the sea, time, love… we understood that we were a part of a larger system. Damn cool if you ask me. Physics has yet to discover anything quite as cool, for me anyway.
2026-09-06 00:32:43
0
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