Hades :
NOVA ROMA not Constantinopol
...renowned Islamic historian and scholar Al-Masudi (896–956), in his book Kitab al-Tanbih wa-al-Ishraf (The Book of Admonition and Revision), when discussing the Christian Roman-Byzantine emperors, states that the Byzantines refer to Constantinople as Polin, and when they want to present it as the center or the imperial throne city, they magnify it by naming it Isten-Polin.[1] In the same book, when Masudi speaks of Constantinople, he also refers to it as Buzantia.[2] The medieval Islamic polymath Al-Qazwini (1202–1283), in his work Athar al-Bilad (Monuments of the Lands), when discussing Nicaea, states that it is under the administration of Istanbul; thus, the non-use of the name Constantinople as the imperial capital is notable.Ibn al-Sa'i, in his book Al-Jami' al-Mukhtasar, when discussing the conquest of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade—the "Franks," as he calls them—names it Istanbul.[3] The famous scholar Shams al-Din al-Ansari (1256–1327), a well-known biologist and geographer of the Islamic Middle Ages, mentioned the name Istanbul several times in his book Nukhbat al-Dahr. In the chapter where he discusses Byzantium, the Romans, their Christianization, and Constantinople, he emphasizes that the Rumi (Byzantines) themselves call Constantinople Istanbul.[4] Meanwhile, the renowned encyclopedic scholar Al-Qalqashandi (d. 1418), who also served as a secretary to the Mamluk sultans of Egypt, in his masterpiece Subh al-A'sha, discusses the correspondence between the Sultan of Cairo and the Byzantine Emperor. In a letter from the Emperor addressed to the Sultan, the emperor himself uses the name Istanbul, and this correspondence is known to have occurred before the capture of Constantinople by the Ottomans.[5] The famous geographer Abu'l-Fida (d. 1432) also uses the name Istanbul instead of Constantinople in his geographical work Taqwim al-Buldan (Survey of Countries) in the passage where he discusses the Mediterranean Sea.
2026-09-03 18:10:13