@justard1_: How do refineries produce high-octane gasoline without using toxic lead additives? The answer is Alkylation. 🔹 The Problem Refineries have leftover gases like isobutane and butylene that are not very useful on their own. 🧪 The Catalyst Sulfuric acid helps these small molecules combine through a chemical reaction. 🔗 The Reaction Butylene reacts with isobutane to form a larger, highly branched hydrocarbon called alkylate. ⛽ The Result Alkylate becomes a valuable, high-octane gasoline component that helps prevent engine knocking. Small gas molecules in → premium fuel out. That’s the power of chemical engineering. #chemicalengineering #refinery #university #engineering #fyp